Jurnal Kimia Unand

Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Senyawa Triterpenoid dari Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L.)

Norman Ferdinal, Fitri Khairuni, Suryati — Sun, 30 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Morinda citrifolia L., commonly known as the Noni plant, is a plants from the Rubiaceae family that can be found in Indonesia has various benefits. Traditionally, noni is often used as a cough medicine, flu, pain, hypertension, malaria, anthelmintic, and diarrhea. The purpose of this study is to isolate and characterize triterpenoid compounds from ethyl acetate extract of noni leaves. The isolation process was carried out by liquid vacuum chromatography and column chromatography. The compound was obtained in the form of white solids as much as 0,0038 g with a melting point of 233 – 235 ^oC. This compound identified on the TLC plate using the Liebermann-Burchard (LB) reagent which produced a single purple spot. The results of UV spectrophotometry characterization obtained a spectrum with λ_max = 292 nm, indicating an n→π* electron transition. The IR spectrum shows the presence of the O-H functional group at a wavelength of 3853,94 cm^-1, 3742,55 cm^-1 and 3613,18 cm^-1. the C-H functional group at wave number 2922,32 cm^-1, the C=O functional group at wave number 1690,13 cm^-1 and the C-O group at wave numbers 1033,12 cm^-1. The absorption of the geminal dimethyl group, which is characteristic of triterpenoid compounds at 1454,77cm^-1 dan 1376,97 cm^-¹.

Synthesis of Hydrophobic Coatings on Concrete Surface Using Organosilicone/TiO2 and Organosilicone/Carbon-Based Materials

Diana Vanda Wellia, Rahma Yanni, Benny Hidayat — Sun, 30 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Surface coating methods provide protection for porous concrete surfaces against water diffusion, which can otherwise lead to structural damage and a reduction in concrete's service life. This study aims to assess the impact of varying quantities of biosynthesized TiO₂ and coconut shell-derived carbon on concrete surface hydrophobicity and to compare their effectiveness in enhancing it. SEM analysis confirmed that the Organosilicone-based hydrophobic coating with 0,20 g of TiO₂ and 0,20 g of carbon was uniformly distributed, covering micropores, and increasing concrete surface roughness. EDS analysis indicated a decrease in the Ca element peak and the absence of elements like Al, Fe, and K, validating the success of the concrete surface coating. FTIR analysis revealed the emergence of new absorption bands, such as 2963 cm^-1 (aliphatic C-H bonds of Organosiliconee) and 477 cm^-1 (Ti-O bonds), on the hydrophobic concrete surface. Contact angle measurements demonstrated hydrophobic behavior, with the B/Organosiliconee/TiO₂ sample exhibiting an angle of up to 122,4º and the B/Organosiliconee/C sample up to 138,3º. Consequently, carbon derived from coconut shell waste emerges as a viable alternative for hydrophobic surface applications due to its superior hydrophobicity properties compared to TiO₂.

Pengaruh Degradasi Pelumas Bekas Menggunakan Katalis Zno/Zeolit terhadap Kandungan Mg dan Na secara Fotolisis

Z. Zilfa, Yulizar Yusuf, Hanifah Adhisa — Sun, 30 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Every year the number of car users has increased significantly, leading to an increase in used lubricant waste. Used lubricants are the result of oil that has been subjected to engine friction, combustion residue and dust. As a result, the effectiveness of the lubricant decreases, and if left for a long time, these contaminants can turn into harmful abrasive particles. The purpose of this study is to see the effect of using ZnO/Zeolite catalysts in degrading used lubricants on the reduction of Mg and Na content by photolysis. Analysis of Mg and Na metal content in used lubricants was carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results of this study showed that the degradation process through photolysis lasted for 15 minutes with the utilization of 0.4 grams of ZnO/Zeolite, and the volume of used lubricant samples was 10 mL for Mg and Na metals. After the degradation process was carried out under optimal conditions, the percentage of metal degradation of Mg reached 84.407% and Na 78.155%. Analysis of used lubricants before and after the degradation process was carried out using FTIR and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, which showed a change in the spectrum, characterized by a shift in wave numbers, which indicated that the degradation had been successfully carried out. The results of catalyst characterization using FTIR and XRD showed that there was no change in the structure of ZnO/zeolite.

Determination of Flavonoids, Phenolic and Total Antioxidant Content from the Leaves, Stems and Roots of Betel Plants

Yefrida, Wanda Dwi Harsita, Refilda — Sun, 30 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Betel (Piper betle L.) is one of the medicinal plants widely used in traditional medicine for its therapeutic properties. This study aimed to determine the levels of total flavonoids, phenolics, and antioxidants in the leaves, stems, and roots of four betel species, namely, Piper betle L., Piper ornatum N.E. Br., Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth, and Piper aduncum L. The Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) was measured using the aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) colorimetric method, while Total Phenolic Content (TPC) was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant capacity was assessed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The results showed that the highest TFC was found in Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth leaves (79.27 ± 1.37 mg QE/g DW), whereas the highest TPC was observed in Piper betle L. stems (23.97 ± 0.04 mg GAE/g DW). The strongest antioxidant capacity was also observed in Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth leaves (23.93 ± 0.36 mg AAE/g DW). Correlation analysis revealed a very strong relationship between TFC and antioxidant capacity in leaves (r = 0.9892) and a strong correlation between TPC and antioxidant capacity in roots (r = 0.9745). These findings suggest that the antioxidant potential of betel species is closely related to their secondary metabolite composition, particularly flavonoids and phenolic compounds.

Electrocoagulation of Rhodamine B Dye Using Zinc Electrodes

Refinel, Berliana Mayang Sari, Emriadi — Sun, 30 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The textile wastewater containing Rhodamine B is difficult to degrade naturally and poses serious environmental threats. This study evaluated the effectiveness of electrocoagulation using zinc electrodes for Rhodamine B removal. Variables analyzed were concentration, pH, time, voltage, and electrode distance. Removal efficiency was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at λ 545 nm, while FTIR characterization confirmed molecular changes. The optimum condition was obtained at 75 min, pH 6, 5 V, and 1 cm electrode distance, resulting in 98.68 % removal efficiency. FTIR spectra supported the successful removal of Rhodamine B. This demonstrates that electrocoagulation with zinc electrodes is an effective and eco-friendly method for textile wastewater treatment.